Subject

    Computer Science

    Topic

    Computer Hardware

    Which technique primarily mitigates data hazards in a pipelined CPU?

    ক)
    Operand forwarding (bypassing)
    খ)
    Bigger L3 cache
    গ)
    Branch prediction
    ঘ)
    Out-of-order retire only

    Explanation

    Data hazards occur when a later instruction needs a result still in the pipeline. Forwarding routes results from later stages directly to earlier ones to avoid stalls. It reduces bubbles without waiting for register-file writes. Combined with scoreboarding, it keeps pipelines busy.

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