Subject

    Computer Science

    Topic

    Computer Hardware

    What is a 'page fault' in the context of virtual memory?

    a)
    A hardware error in a RAM module.
    b)
    An interrupt that occurs when a program tries to access a page that is not currently in physical RAM.
    c)
    An error caused by incorrect memory address calculation by the CPU.
    d)
    A security violation where a program tries to access another program's memory.

    Explanation

    A page fault is not an error, but a normal event in a virtual memory system. When it happens, the operating system's handler finds the required page in secondary storage (like an SSD), loads it into an empty frame in physical RAM, and resumes the program's execution.

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